非遗点亮“老家河南”******
河南是文化和旅游部非物质文化遗产司确定的“非遗助力乡村振兴”试点省份。今年8月,河南省文化和旅游厅公布鹤壁市、栾川县、宝丰县、长垣市、辉县市、温县、林州市、信阳浉河区8个市(县、区)为河南省首批“非遗助力乡村振兴”试点地区,支持其开展试点工作,试点期限为1年。几个月来,这些试点地区围绕非遗赋能乡村振兴,在“非遗进景区”“非遗进民宿”、非遗研学旅游基地建设、非遗主题旅游线路打造等方面下功夫,探索“非遗+旅游”发展新路径。
河南浚县的“声声不息”泥咕咕创意空间
非遗工坊带动农民就业增收
“栾川豆腐制作技艺”张盘豆腐作坊、“二十四节气”隐心谷民俗园、“传统小木作技艺”鸡冠洞小木作传习所、“豫西民居营造技艺”大王庙及石门土屋、重渡沟民俗一条街、寨沟豆腐宴、“走马灯”非遗研学基地……在河南栾川县,依托非遗项目成立的非遗工坊,带动当地300余户就业,线上线下创造产值2500余万元。
2021年至2022年,栾川县克服疫情影响,在重渡沟景区先后建成“纺织院”“土陶坊”“醋坊”“竹编坊”等富有非遗特色的民宿小院14家,创造产值260余万元,为栾川乡村振兴增添文化元素。
河南省文化和旅游厅非遗处处长于洁介绍,近年来,河南全力推动非遗工坊建设。据统计,河南现有非遗工坊(含非遗扶贫工坊)156个,原国家级贫困县域内非遗工坊97个,44个工坊被纳入巩固脱贫攻坚成果和乡村振兴项目库,非遗工坊直接带动4330余户、1.2万余人脱贫。
除此之外,河南还抓好非遗工坊产品营销推广。面向全省非遗工坊征集工坊产品信息,共有洧川豆腐、莫家酱菜等150余种非遗产品进入河南非遗工坊产品目录库。2022年“文化和自然遗产日”期间,河南以工坊产品为重点,开展丰富多彩的非遗购物节活动,全省600多个非遗商家参与活动,涵盖衣、食、住、行多个方面,共同推介河南非遗好物。其中,非遗工坊和老字号213个,占比36%;上线项目总数387个,占比65%;线上销售768万元,线下销售2072万元,总计2791万元。
“非遗点亮计划”推动在地文化融入
河南是非遗资源大省,截至目前,河南省拥有人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录项目4个,国家级非遗代表性项目125个、省级非遗代表性项目1030个。
自2021年起,河南省文化和旅游厅与全国大学生乡村振兴创意大赛合作,实施黄河非遗点亮“老家河南”计划,先后开展了首届全国大学生乡村振兴创意大赛、青年乡村营造行动。借助优质团队和创意导师力量,挖掘非遗故事、建设非遗空间、打造非遗文创,探索出一条“政府搭台、高校赋能、企业助力、乡村重塑、传承人参与”的非遗振兴乡村新路径。
从2022年2月起,河南继续深化实践,变“赛”为“营”,创新开展黄河非遗点亮“老家河南”青年乡村营造行动。在全省遴选出栾川县重渡沟景区、辉县市郭亮村、浚县古城等9个营地,汇聚高校专家、青年设计师、业界人士与大学生等多方智力,全方位激活乡村文化动能。7月,河南相继举办了出征仪式、开营仪式和营长沙龙,共邀约国内外40个优质团队,通过陪伴式在地乡建、非遗乡创等路径,将黄河非遗元素植入空间打造和文创设计中。
以国家级非遗项目浚县泥咕咕为例,河南师范大学“古鸠泥作”项目成员们受泥咕咕的启发,设计出“泥小妮”IP形象。“泥小妮”是个泥塑的小姑娘,她头戴小鸟泥咕咕造型帽子,怀抱小鸟泥咕咕,萌态十足。后来还衍生出航天员、花木兰形象的“泥小妮”,很受公众欢迎。
“目前50个空间项目、40个文创项目牵手各地特色非遗,预计2023年1月可以收获成果。”全国大学生乡村振兴创意大赛秘书处副秘书长、浙江财经大学中国乡村振兴研究院副院长刘亚辉说。
“非遗+X”促进文旅深度融合
在红旗渠精神的发祥地林州市,乘着全域旅游的东风,各镇各村积极利用非遗资源,以文塑旅,以旅彰文,形成了一批乡村非遗旅游新模式。石板岩高家台村积极打造集休闲、游览、体验、购物为一体的乡土民情旅游目的地,吸引了全国各地游客和美院师生游览、写生,年接待游客超过20万人次。东姚镇每年春节举办社火表演活动,吸引周边群众前去观看,促进了节日经济发展。横水镇马店灯会每年春节期间举办,是集赏灯、转灯、庙会、文艺汇演等为一体的民间活动。
在信阳市浉河区,当地将董家河汪家拳传习所、董家河民歌基地、浉河港文新茶村、土门周肖同茗等非遗基地串珠连线,在旅游中布局连线非遗场馆,打造精品非遗旅游线路;在鸡公山、南湾湖、五曲峡、文新茶村、何家寨、郝家冲等景区,植入信阳民歌、茶艺、太极拳等10余项非遗,探索沉浸式非遗演艺。
据介绍,下一步,河南将继续深度整合自然资源和人文资源优势,在加强非遗保护的基础上,推动非遗工坊、“非遗进民宿”“非遗进景区”“非遗进购物店”建设,同时与传统村落、传统街区保护相结合,打造“非遗小镇”“非遗街区”“乡村康养旅游示范村”等具有明显非遗IP属性的消费集聚区和特色村镇,依托非遗场馆和非遗项目探索开展研学旅游,打造“望得见山、看得见水、记得住乡愁”的文化旅游目的地和文化旅游产品,推动非遗助力乡村振兴工作再上新台阶。(本报驻河南记者 张莹莹 文/图)
中新网评:处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事******
中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称,将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对,企图将核污水“一倒了之”,把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。
资料图:日本福岛第一核电站。2011年,福岛核电站事故发生后,大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋,对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害,数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日,作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。
日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由,在2021年4月13日,正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多,日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。
日本政府辩称,这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全,甚至“可以喝”,这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。
事实上,经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质,核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收,长期来看,将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁,最终危害人类健康。
因此,核污水排海计划推出后,遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示,福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中,约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场,反对该计划。
日本政府认为,核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案,但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海,核污水会随着洋流流动,其影响势必会跨越国界,危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。
《韩国经济新闻》发文称,相关研究认为,福岛核污水如果排放入海,约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域,该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。
德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告,若日本将所有核污水排入海中,不到半年,整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁,包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。
日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国,有义务保护海洋环境。然而,在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上,日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。
国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估,但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论,并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下,日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设,这是极不负责任的行为。
太平洋不是日本的下水道,日本必须正视各方合理关切,在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后,制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远,若只顾眼前,执意将核污水排放入海,不仅其自身,周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单,其后果必将会危害数代人。
Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business
By John Lee
(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.
Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.
The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.
On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.
The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.
In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.
Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.
The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.
The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.
The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.
According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.
As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.
However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.
Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.
The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.
If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.
(文图:赵筱尘 巫邓炎) [责编:天天中] 阅读剩余全文() |